This is easy to rig millivolt source for field calibration or troubleshooting of 4-20 mA current loops. Here a Darlington pair is used for current amplification which reduces the Ib error as gain is...
When a Inverting Opamp Configuration is at a steady state, we say the Inverting Input is at a Virtual Ground. That means it is at 0V w.r.t to the dual power supply ground, but...
The proximity switch can work for a wide range of power, from 8v to 18v DC, D3 protects reverse power supply connections, and U1 regulates the supply to +5v , -5v is derived from...
In this circuit we tackle the error indicated in the earlier Current Source. The LM336-2.5V eliminates the tiny error of the regulated supply and resistors. Thereby increasing Precision to a higher degree.
When you have to buffer and invert the polarity of mV input levels. This is the circuit you can use, as OP07 has uV offset. R9 and R10 can be 100K 1% MFR or...
The Measured Value and The Setpoint are two inputs to a Control System. The Measured Value is the Amplified input of a Transducer or Sensor for some Parameter that needs to be controlled. It...
The input impedance of this module is very high, if U1 is OP07 it is in mega ohms, use CA3140 or LF356 fet input opamps to get 1 tera ohm input impedance, but for...
This is a Test arrangement for Leakage Testing of Diodes on Reverse Bias. The leakage current indicates the ability of the diode to withstand higher voltages. An AutoTransformer or Variac can be used to...
